It also reaches peak activity faster and goes away sooner. Insulin lispro helps keep your blood sugar level from going too high after you eat.
To keep your blood sugar level steady, your doctor will probably prescribe either a longer-acting insulin or another drug for you to take each day in addition to the insulin lispro. If you need to mix insulin lispro with a longer-acting insulin, it's best that you mix insulin lispro only with Humulin U or Humulin N, which are brand names for certain longer-acting insulins.
Insulin lispro should always be drawn into the syringe first. This will keep the longer-acting insulin from getting into the insulin lispro bottle.
Quick-acting, such as insulin lispro Humalog , begins to work very quickly 5 to 15 minutes and lasts for 3 to 4 hours. Short-acting, such as Regular R insulin, starts working within 30 minutes and lasts about 5 to 8 hours. Long-acting, such as Ultralente U insulin, doesn't start to work for 4 to 6 hours, but lasts 24 to 28 hours. NPH and Regular insulin mixture, two types of insulin mixed together in 1 bottle, starts working in 30 minutes and lasts 16 to 24 hours.
Source: Medicine for People with Diabetes. Insulin is normally injected under the skin with a very small needle. It can also be taken with an insulin pen. Your doctor will teach you exactly how to inject insulin, but here are the basics: Wash your hands.
Take the plastic cover off the insulin bottle and wipe the top of the bottle with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol. Pull back the plunger of the syringe, drawing air into the syringe equal to the dose of insulin that you are taking measured in units. Put the syringe needle through the rubber top of the insulin bottle. Inject air into the bottle by pushing the syringe plunger forward. Turn the bottle upside down.
Make sure that the tip of the needle is in the insulin. Pull back on the syringe plunger to draw the correct dose of insulin into the syringe see picture 1.
Make sure there are no air bubbles in the syringe before you take the needle out of the insulin bottle. If there are air bubbles, hold the syringe and the bottle straight up, tap the syringe with your finger and let the air bubbles float to the top. Push on the plunger of the syringe to move the air bubbles back into the insulin bottle. Then withdraw the correct insulin dose by pulling back on the plunger.
Clean your skin with cotton dipped in alcohol see picture 2 , top. Grab a fold of skin and inject the insulin under the skin at a degree angle see picture 3. Clean the injection area using cotton and alcohol top. Pinch an area of skin bottom. Ask your doctor which place you should use. Insulin injected near the stomach works fastest. Insulin injected into the thigh works slowest.
Insulin injected into the arm works at medium speed. They connect to your smartphone and help you remember when you took your last dose, how much insulin you took, and when to take your next one.
Insulin pumps are attached to your body and can be programmed to administer rapid-acting insulin throughout the day, to cover both basal and prandial insulin needs. Inhaled insulin is ultra-rapid acting insulin and can replace insulin used for mealtime and corrections of high glucose.
It is taken through an inhaler and works similarly to injected prandial insulin. The only approved inhaled insulin on the market is the ultra-rapid-acting mealtime insulin Afrezza.
Your insulin regimen should be tailored to fit your needs and lifestyle. Adjusting your basal insulin dosage and timing will require conversations and frequent follow-up with your healthcare team. When initiating insulin therapy, you may be advised to start with a low dose and increase the dose in small amounts once or twice a week, based on your fasting glucose levels.
Insulin may be used alone or in combination with oral glucose-lowering medications, such as metformin, SGLT-2 inhibitors, or GLP-1 agonists. One of the most important things to consider is the characteristics of different insulin types. In order to dose insulin to cover meals or snacks, you have to take a few factors into consideration.
Your healthcare team should help you determine what to consider when calculating an insulin dose. Prandial insulin doses will usually be adjusted based on:. Current blood sugar levels. Insulin sensitivity factor ISF or correction factor: how much one unit of insulin is expected to lower blood sugar. Your ISF may change throughout the day — for example, many people are more insulin resistant in the morning, which requires a stronger correction factor.
Carbohydrate intake. Insulin to carb ratios represent how many grams of carbohydrates are covered by one unit of insulin. You should calculate your carbohydrate consumptions for each meal. For example, a insulin to carbohydrate ratio means one unit of insulin will cover every 10 grams of carbohydrates that you eat. For a meal with 30 grams of carbohydrates, a bolus calculator will recommend three units of insulin. Physical activity. Adjust insulin doses before, and possibly after, exercise — learn more about managing glucose levels during exercise here.
Learning to adjust your own insulin doses may be overwhelming at first, especially given the many factors that affect your glucose levels. Identifying patterns in your glucose levels throughout the day may help you optimize the timing and dosing of your insulin.
Your healthcare professional, a certified diabetes care and education specialist, or insulin pump trainer if you use a pump , can help guide you through this process. Do not adjust your insulin doses without first talking to your healthcare team. The frequency of testing will depend on your health status and activities during the day.
Initially, you may be advised to check your blood glucose three to four times a day. As a starting point, check in with your healthcare team about how often to check your blood sugar. Many people test before meals, exercise, bedtime, and one to two hours after meals to ensure that they bolused their insulin correctly. Insulin doesn't come in pill form because the digestive system would break it down before it had a chance to work. But there are several choices for insulin delivery.
Your doctor can help you decide which fits best with your lifestyle and treatment needs. Insulin therapy can sometimes be demanding, but it's an effective way to lower blood sugar levels. If you have any trouble with your insulin regimen, such as difficulty avoiding very low or very high blood sugar levels, be sure to talk to your doctor to see if any adjustments need to be made.
By choosing an insulin regimen that fits your needs and lifestyle, you can prevent diabetes complications and lead an active, healthy life. There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Sign up for free, and stay up-to-date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID, plus expert advice on managing your health.
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This content does not have an Arabic version. See more conditions. Diabetes treatment: Using insulin to manage blood sugar. Products and services. Diabetes treatment: Using insulin to manage blood sugar Understanding how insulin affects your blood sugar can help you better manage your condition. By Mayo Clinic Staff. Thank you for Subscribing Our Housecall e-newsletter will keep you up-to-date on the latest health information.
Please try again. Something went wrong on our side, please try again. Show references Insulin basics. American Diabetes Association. Accessed June 14, Mantzoros C, et al. Insulin action. Davidson MB. Insulin therapy: A personal approach. Clinical Diabetes.
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