Sultan Yakub el-Mansur moved the capital of the Almohad Empire to Rabat, and made it the base for his conquests of Spain and North Africa in the twelfth century. In the 20th century, Rabat was invaded by the French, who also established a protectorate there and opened it to extensive development to the south and west.
Moroccan Independence Day is celebrated on November 18, to honor the return of Sultan Mohammed V to Morocco after having been in exile. The country gained its independence in The city is divided into two main sections, the Medina old-walled city and the Ville Nouvelle new city, built by the French.
Much of the economy is based on a traditional manufacturing model that included sectors of leather handcrafts, pottery, and jewelry; other industrial activities include garments, fish processing, and carpet-making. Rabati women made significant contributions to the economy as well as they created a carpet and embroidery that was named Rabati. These organizations helped influence much of the modern history of Rabat by organizing several significant peaceful marches, including a march that focused on changes to family law.
By the end of the twentieth century the majority of the Rabati population had shifted and now was composed of civil servants, students, administrators, and diplomats.
Arabic and French are the two most common languages. Rabat is also home to a wide range of foreign embassies and the major national university, Muhammad V, is located there as well along with various national research institutes. The city, which maintained its importance with the beginning of the administration of Merini dynasty in , came under the sovereignty of the Vattasi which was another dynasty in the region in While the Vattasi were defeated by another dynasty called Saadi in and lost Fes, this situation attracted the Ottoman Empire, the superpower of the period.
Abou Hassoun , King of Vattasi, who lost his throne, sent news to the Ottoman Empire and asked for help. Then, in , the Saadis reclaimed the city of Fes, but this time they kept their relations warm with the Ottomans.
In , during a crisis of the throne, Portugal and Ottomans confronted the incident. After these events, the Moroccan Sultanate developed considerably in the 16th and 17th centuries, while Fes became one of the most important centers of Africa as the capital. During this process, a new city called Fes Cedid was established next to the old city. The city lost its title of capital with the French mandate in and became the new capital Rabat.
Rabat has a population of , according to data. Rabat has a surface area of square kilometers. The Mediterranean climate is dominant in Rabat, which is on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. Rabat, a city inspired by the ocean, has cool winters and hot summers. The lowest temperature in winter is 7 degrees on average, while the highest temperature in summer is 27 degrees.
Established on the banks of the Bou Regreg River, which spills the Atlantic Ocean, Rabat stands out with its historical and natural beauties as well as being an important port city. In Rabat and Moroccan cuisine, the most common common feature of the dishes is the use of excess spices.
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